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A nurse manager argues: "Our unit should adopt hourly rounding. At hospitals that adopted it, call light use fell, so rounding clearly meets patient needs before patients have to ask. When needs are met before patients ask, satisfaction scores rise." Which statement is both supported by another statement in the argument and used to support the manager's main point?

A nursing program tracked 400 graduates. Of the 100 who had joined a voluntary peer-tutoring group, 91 passed the licensing exam on the first attempt (91%). Of the 300 who had not joined, 234 passed on the first attempt (78%). Students chose for themselves whether to join. Which conclusion is best supported by this information?

A colleague argues: "We should drop annual CPR recertification for administrative staff. In the past ten years, only 2 of our 150 administrative employees have ever performed CPR at work." Which of the following, if true, most weakens this argument?

A hospital follows two rules. Rule 1: every patient admitted to the ICU receives continuous cardiac monitoring. Rule 2: no patient receiving continuous cardiac monitoring may leave the unit without a nurse escort. This morning Patient Reyes left her unit without a nurse escort, and neither rule was broken. Which of the following must be true?

Over six months a respiratory therapist records the average improvement in an oxygen saturation reading for three groups of similar patients: • No breathing practice: no measurable improvement • Practice once a day: 1.5 points • Practice three times a day: 4 points A new patient with a similar condition plans to practice twice a day. Which prediction is best supported by this pattern?

A city transit agency reports that after it added bike lanes to Main Street, bicycle crashes on that street fell from 20 in the year before to 12 in the year after. The agency concludes that the bike lanes made cycling on Main Street safer. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken that conclusion?

Hospital A has a 30-day readmission rate of 24% for heart failure patients. Hospital B has a rate of 13%. A reviewer then splits each hospital's patients by whether they have a caregiver at home: • With a caregiver: Hospital A 12%, Hospital B 12% • Without a caregiver: Hospital A 30%, Hospital B 30% Which conclusion is best supported?

A scholarship has three requirements: an applicant must be enrolled full time, must have completed at least 24 credits, and must not hold another scholarship from the same fund. Only applicants who meet all three are eligible, and the committee awards the scholarship to some, but not all, eligible applicants. Dana was awarded the scholarship. Luis was not. Which of the following must be true?

A study reports that patients who listened to music during wound care rated their pain 38% lower than patients who did not. Each of the 60 patients chose whether to have music, and 22 chose it. Which feature of the study most limits the conclusion that the music reduced pain?

A charge nurse reviews three months of medication error reports: • January: 8 of 11 errors occurred on the night shift • February: 7 of 9 errors occurred on the night shift • March: 6 of 8 errors occurred on the night shift The night shift gives about one third of the unit's medication doses. Which conclusion does this pattern best support?