Topics by priority
| Topic | What's tested | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| Main idea identification | Finding the central argument of a passage vs. identifying supporting details. The main idea is usually stated early but may also be implied and require synthesis across paragraphs. | HIGH |
| Inference questions | Drawing conclusions supported by the passage without adding outside knowledge. Correct answers are always directly grounded in specific passage text, not in outside reasoning. | HIGH |
| Supporting details | Locating specific facts, examples, or evidence within the passage. These are the fastest questions on the Reading section — do not overthink them. | HIGH |
| Author purpose and tone | Identifying whether the author intends to inform, persuade, entertain, or describe. Tone questions ask about the author's attitude — neutral, critical, enthusiastic, skeptical. | MEDIUM |
| Vocabulary in context | Determining word meaning from how the word is used in the passage. Answers that require dictionary knowledge instead of context are wrong by design. | MEDIUM |
| Passage structure | Recognizing organization: cause-and-effect, compare-and-contrast, chronological, problem-solution. Often tested via "Which of the following best describes the structure of the passage?" | MEDIUM |
| Visual information | Interpreting tables, charts, graphs, maps, and diagrams embedded in passages. Always refer back to the visual — do not answer from memory of what the passage said. | MEDIUM |
| Comparing passages | Occasional dual-passage questions ask how two passages agree, disagree, or cover different aspects of a topic. Read both carefully before attempting comparison questions. | LOW |
The most common Reading mistakes
Over-interpreting inference questions
A correct inference is what the passage directly supports — not what you think is likely true. If the answer requires adding even one fact not in the passage, it is wrong.
Skipping the passage on easy-looking questions
Even for straightforward detail questions, locate the answer in the passage before selecting. Answers from memory of what you read are less reliable than direct verification.
Spending too long on difficult passages
If a passage is consuming more than 5 minutes, mark it, move on, and return at the end. Pacing on Reading is tight — later passages deserve the same attention as earlier ones.
Confusing main idea with supporting detail
The main idea is the central claim of the entire passage. Supporting details are evidence for that claim. If an answer choice is true but narrower than the passage scope, it is a detail, not the main idea.
Answering tone questions from a single word
Tone is the author's overall attitude across the passage. Do not pick a tone based on a single adjective or sentence — evaluate the passage as a whole.